[Guide] Getting the Most out of your S20FE - Samsung Galaxy S20 FE Guides, News, & Discussion

Here's a guide to help you make the most out of your phone
Guides below can be followed by both rooted and unrooted users
Debloat list: https://paste.rs/OLC
Debloating guide:
1) Download Google platform-tools (ADB and fastboot) from here for the operating system you are using on your computer, I will be using Windows for this guide, and extract the zip file to the root directory of your drive in its own folder (For example, C:\platform-tools, inside of the platform-tools folder you should see ADB and fastboot executables as well as other files).
2) On Windows, download and install the Samsung USB Drivers from here, I don't believe other OSes have to do this.
3) On your phone, go to Settings > About phone > Software information and tap Build number 7 or 8 times until you get a pop-up notification saying "Developer options have been enabled."
4) Go back out to the main Settings menu where you will notice a new option called "Developer options". Tap it and scroll down a little bit until you find USB Debugging, turn this option on and keep your phone unlocked (don't turn off the screen).
5) Plug your phone into your computer and open Command Prompt or Terminal and type cd C:\platform-tools and press Enter (Command will differ for the OS you're using).
6) Type ADB devices, give it a few moments, and check your phone for an ADB connection authorization prompt, check the box that says "always allow..." so you don't have to do this every time you want to use ADB.
7) Type ADB shell, the prompt should change from "C:\platform-tools\>" to something like "<phoneserialnumber>:/"
8) Either highlight all of these commands and paste them into the Command Prompt by right-clicking or highlight one command at a time and paste them in one by one
*************************************
Apps:
1)Naptime(Better Battery Life)
2)Galaxy Max HZ(Helps you change the refresh rate of your phone's display)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For rooted/Unlocked Devices only:
Twrp for Exynos
Kernel for Exynos
Remove Bootloader Warning(Exynos only)
Twrp for Snapdragon
Kernel for Snapdragon
*************************************
Magisk Modules:
Nuked Script: This module includes some scripts that will disable some services on all the apps on your device in order to avoid substantial wake-lock battery drain because your apps send some useless usage and information to GOOGLE and this amazing module will stop that.
Download
SAMSUNG GENERAL PATCHER: This Lets you use most Samsung apps on rooted devices
Download
Universal GMS Doze: Optimizes Google Play services.
Download
Safetynet-fix: fixes the SafetyNet.Install riru and enable magisk hide before installing this module
Download
NFS-Injector: This module aims to improve kernel/ram management between efficiency and energy-aware. Using a complex algorithm, determine the most optimal settings between battery and performance for your device.
Download
Telegram Group link if you need help: http://t.me/S20FeModding

Related

removing non used apps from a rom ?

hello
when i want to install a new rom
can i remove without any risk from the system directory all the apps and widgets i never use (such as facebook, flickr, etc...) before installing the rom ?
thank you
I would like to know this too... apparently there are some "adb commands" you can use??
Thanks
youll have to resign zip file after, otherwise installation will be interupted due to missing files.
2nd way to get rid from these apps is to remove them using adb, after installation
shoonari said:
2nd way to get rid from these apps is to remove them using adb, after installation
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can you please post instructions how to do this one?
Thanks
1.boot to modified recovery
2.connect to pc
3.adb shell
4.mount /system
5.cd /system/app
6.ls -this will list all your apps installed, chack it and:
7.rm Facebook.apk (for example) case sensitive!
or
rm *Facebook* -this will remove everything connected to Facebookdex files,widgets, etc...
Yes you can remove files from a .zip before flashing. Just delete them. Then just before you flash, disable verification in the custom recovery. It will flash and ignore any errors about missing files!
i guess this option exists only in clockworkmod recovery?
im using amonra, so do not know about that
there is in amonra recovery too.......
I like to freeze apps with Titanium Backup. Works like a charm.
but you have to have donation version for that
verification in amonra recovery - how is it looks like there? I've just checked again - found nothing...
@Vice83 and anyone else whose interested
How I removed stock apps using SDK
I've had my HTC Desire for 2 weeks (T-Mobile UK, Eclair 2.1)). I'm a newbie to all of this. I spent untold hours on forums and other Android sites, and managed to do Nandroid backup of my phone, and then successfully rooted it (using Unrevoked and a SLAX (Linux) bootable cd). It was really straight forward.
I then installed the AdamG/OpenDesire Sense Froyo v1.0c custom ROM
I then wanted to remove apps that I know I don't need and will never use. There are many online guides on how to do this but, maybe it was me being very dumb, but none of them seemed to work for me. After many more hours reading forums etc I found that all the guides I had read missed out KEY actions\information.
So I've put this together from all the things I've learned from the forums etc. I'd like to give credit \ thanks to all of those who contributed to Android sites, forums etc which provided me with all the info I needed.
!!!!THE FOLLOWING IS WHAT I DID TO REMOVE APPS FROM MY (rooted) T-MOBILE HTC DESIRE - IT WORKED FOR ME - BUT MAY NOT WORK FOR YOU CREATE A NANDROID BACKUP FIRST!!! AND USE AT YOUR OWN RISK!!!!!
I installed Java and the Android SDK on an old laptop as I don’t want Java on my main desktop \ laptop.
I then created an Android folder on my pc (C:\Android)
I then copied the following folders from the "android-sdk-windows" folder into it
· Tools
· USB_DRIVER***
· Market-Licensing
*** The default drivers didn't work on my pc\laptop (Win 7 Ultimate, 64bit) so I extracted the drivers contained in a adb_driver_htc.zip file was posted on the My HTC Desire site to the USB folder and successfully installed the driver(s).
With my phone switched on, and in Disk Drive mode, I connected it to my pc with the usb cable. If the phone drivers are not installed / found
· Go to Device Manager.
· Right click on the device that represents your phone.
· Select "update driver software".
· Select "browse my computer for driver software".
· Browse to the C:\Android\usb_driver folder (or to wherever our usb_drivers folder is located, and make sure the "include subfolders" box is ticked).
· Click Next etc to install driver(s).
To test that the drivers were installed and the phone recognised by my pc I
· Opened a command prompt window (Start-run-cmd) and typed the following (don’t include the text in the brackets).
· CD\ (enter\return).
· CD\Android\tools (enter\return).
· adb devices (this listed my phone as HT******SS Recovery).
To exit from adb type EXIT at the “#” prompt. This takes you back to C:\Android\tools directory. Type EXIT to close the command prompt window
Safely remove \ eject the phone from the pc and disconnect the usb
Switch off the phone, and re-start it in Recovery mode by
Holding down the "volume-down" button and pressing power button.
Use " volume-down " button to highlight Recovery.
Press POWER to reboot. Phone will start in Recovery mode i.e. green text on black background.
Still in Recovery mode, connect phone to Computer via the usb cable.
On the pc, open a command prompt window
Type CD\ and press enter\return
Type CD\Android\tools and press enter/return
Type adb shell and press enter/return
On the phone, use the trackball to highlight Partition Menu and press trackball to select.
Use the trackball to highlight Mount /system and press trackball to select. This bypasses the need for the following adb command: mount –o rw,remount /dev/block/mtdblock3 /system - a command which caused me no end of grief!!!
In the windows command prompt window, type cd /system/app
Type ls –a to get a listing of all the *.apk files in the /system/app directory.
To remove an app type rm appname.apk (where appname is the name of the app to be removed – this command is case sensitive so you must type the app name exactly as it appears in the /system/app directory)
I’ve removed the following apps with the above method without any ill effects, and they no longer appear in my Applications list, or in the system/app directory.
Plurk, FaceBook, Stocks (and com.htc.StockWidget.apk), Twitter, Quick Office and YouTube
From what I’ve read, its not advisable to remove any of the Google apk files due to dependencies etc. People have also reported problems after deleting News, PicoTts and Weather apk’s / widgets – so I’ve left these alone. I’ve not been able to find a definitive list of stock apps that are safe to remove
Anyhoo, I hope this proves useful.
Vybz
Hey guys, I checked my apps2sd and it seems to be working fine, here are the symlinks:
dalvik-cache -> /system/sd/dalvik-cache
app-private -> /system/sd/app-private
app -> /system/sd/app
However when checking the Settings page, "Internal phone memory" is still showing 115mb free, and it was 129mb free when I flashed the rom 2 hours ago. Why aren't the apps installing to the SD card as they should? Can someone plz help?
EDIT: Now it's 108mb after I installed another 2 apps. Whats going on?

[GUIDE] ADB for Noobs - How to get adb working !

A lot of people seem scared to use "adb" (Android Debug Bridge), or try it out and hit problems, then immediately give up.
I personally think that the method of rooting using adb (rage) is "better" than Visionary, because you have more control over the process and can see what it's doing. e.g. if there's an error message then you can see that, and ask for help.
But even if you don't use adb in rooting, it's still a very useful tool to have available. You can use it to run commands on your phone, copy files between your PC and phone, and to debug various issues that may occur at some point (plus lots more).
The guide in this first posting is for Windows, since I think this is what the majority of what people are using, and also it's what I use myself. Though you can use adb on Linux or Mac too. There's a Mac guide in the second posting, with a Linux guide "coming soon".
There are different ways to install adb. Below I list two methods, the first method I call "Complete", which involves installing the Android SDK (Software Development Kit), and the second "Quick" way. Either should be fine for rooting etc.
There's also a guide by gtrab in his useful FAQ posting (thanks !) HERE , which involves a very quick way to get it up and running (scroll down to the "Adb Mini Package" section).
INSTALLING ADB ON WINDOWS - METHOD A, THE "COMPLETE" WAY, USING THE SDK
Step 1
If you haven't done so already, then download and install HTC Sync from HTC's website.
You'll find it in the Support section for the Desire Z (works on the G2 too), e.g. at http://www.htc.com/www/help/htc-desire-z/#download.
This is HTC's software to sync various stuff from your phone to your PC, such as email, bookmarks etc. However, even if you don't need that stuff, HTC Sync has a bunch of USB drivers for your phone, and that's what we *do* need.
Step 2
Download and install the Android SDK (Software Development Kit) Starter package from http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
There are two choices for Windows there, a simple zip file which you can unzip somewhere appropriate on your PC (e.g. put it on C:\ if you like). Or there's an installer (which is the recommended option according to the Android website), though that forces you to download some Java stuff which we don't really need for adb and takes a lot longer to install (but there won't be any harm in getting). It doesn't really matter which one you pick though.
You can read all about how to install the SDK at http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html . Ignore all the stuff about Eclipse though, you don't need that unless you're going to start writing Android apps.
Step 3
Now we need to add the Platform Tools component to the SDK, because that contains adb.
Run "SDK Manager" on your PC. You will find that in the root directory of the SDK, so you can open up a file explorer window to find that, then double-click on "SDK Manager" to run it.
Wait for a few seconds while it checks on the Android website for updates etc, let it then pop up with a window showing you what is on offer.
Add the "Android SDK Platform Tools", you can "reject" (i.e. don't install) all the other things it offers you if you like, though there's no harm in installing them (just takes up disk space on your PC).
Step 4
Now we need to update your Path variable. This lets you run adb on your PC from a command window no matter which directory you are in (which makes things a lot easier). If you don't setup your Path, then every time you want to run adb, you will either have to type the whole long pathname where you put adb, or cd to where you've put adb and run it from there (which could be inconvenient if you are transferring files to/from your phone).
On your PC, right-click on "My Computer" and select "Properties". (on Vista, click on "Change Settings"). Go to the "Advanced" tab, then select "Environment Variables". Find the "Path" variable in the list of variables that it shows (you might need to scroll), and then double-click on that entry to edit it. Add the full path of the "tools" and "platform-tools" folders of the SDK to your path. e.g. if the SDK has been installed in "c:\Program Files\android-sdk-windows", then add to your Path "c:\Program Files\android-sdk-windows\tools;c:\Program Files\android-sdk-windows\platform-tools" (Please Note - don't put any spaces between the semi-colon and pathname, otherwise it won't work !)
Step 5
On your phone, go into Menu->Settings->Applications->Development and make sure you have the entry "USB Debugging" ticked. adb will not work without this.
Step 6
Plug your phone into your PC using the original HTC cable. This is important, do not use a third-party cable since it might not work with adb (even though it might seem fine with other communication with your phone). If this is the first time you've done it since installing HTC Sync, you might have to wait while it installs additional drivers.
Step 7
Fire up a command prompt on your computer, e.g. "Run" then "cmd", or pick the "Command prompt" option from the menus, and type in the following (obviously the C:\> bit is your actual PC's prompt, not what you type). To emphasise, you are running this on your PC, not directly from your phone (e.g. terminal emulator) :
Code:
C:\> adb devices
This should display something like the following :
Code:
List of devices attached
XXX12345 device
... where the "XXX12345" bit is actually your phone's serial number. If the list is blank and the phone is plugged in ok, go back to Step 5 and make sure USB Debugging is enabled. If you can see your phone, then you're in business, adb can see your phone and communicate with it, and you're ready to start using adb !
By the way, the first adb command that you type may well also come up with some lines similar to "adb deamon out of date" etc, but don't worry, that's normal, just check the rest of the output.
INSTALLING ADB ON WINDOWS - METHOD B, THE "QUICK" WAY, NO SDK
Thanks to amroush_1800 for the input on this.
Step 1
If you haven't done so already, then download and install HTC Sync from HTC's website.
You'll find it in the Support section, e.g. at http://www.htc.com/uk/supportdownloadlist.aspx?p_id=325&act=sd&cat=all.
This is HTC's software to sync various stuff from your phone to your PC, such as email, bookmarks etc. However, even if you don't need that stuff, HTC Sync has a bunch of USB drivers for your phone, and that's what we *do* need.
Step 2
Download this zip archive and unzip it somewhere memorable on your PC (e.g. into a folder on your desktop) - http://dl-ssl.google.com/android/repository/platform-tools_r04-windows.zip
Step 3
On your phone, go into Menu->Settings->Applications->Development and make sure you have the entry "USB Debugging" ticked. adb will not work without this.
Step 4
Plug your phone into your PC using the original HTC cable. This is important, do not use a third-party cable since it might not work with adb (even though it might seem fine with other communication with your phone). If this is the first time you've done it since installing HTC Sync, you might have to wait while it installs additional drivers.
Step 5
Fire up a command prompt on your computer, e.g. "Run" then "cmd", or pick the "Command prompt" option from the menus.
Use the "cd" command to change to the folder that contains the adb.exe and other files that you unzipped in Step 2.
Then type in the following (obviously the C:\> bit is your actual PC's prompt, not what you type). To emphasise, you are running this on your PC, not directly from your phone (e.g. terminal emulator) :
Code:
C:\> adb devices
This should display something like the following :
Code:
List of devices attached
XXX12345 device
... where the "XXX12345" bit is actually your phone's serial number. If the list is blank and the phone is plugged in ok, go back to Step 3 and make sure USB Debugging is enabled. If you can see your phone, then you're in business, adb can see your phone and communicate with it, and you're ready to start using adb !
By the way, the first adb command that you type may well also come up with some lines similar to "adb deamon out of date" etc, but don't worry, that's normal, just check the rest of the output.
INSTALLING ADB ON MAC
The following excellent guide kindly provided by siedkins, please thank him and not me !
What you will need:
A Mac
USB cable
Android SDK for OSX- http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
At the time of writing this the version was "android-sdk_r08-mac_86" so please have a look at the above link and let me know if you can't find that same version.
So download the zip file and I would extract it to a folder where you are happy to keep it such as within your user home folder i.e. Macintosh HD/Users/{Your User Name} and for my mac it is Users/siedkins which is how I have my OSX set up.
Then open then still in Finder, open "android-sdk-mac_86" then "tools".
Now launch Terminal - ⌘ + space then type Terminal or Applications>Utilities>Terminal
Now drag and drop the file called "android" in the "tools" folder into your terminal window and you should see something like:
/Users/siedkins/android-sdk-mac_86/tools/android
Then hit enter - this should load Android SDK
Next go to Available Packages on the left and Android Repository > Android SDK Platform-tools, revision 1 -tick the box and hit "Install Selected"
It should download and install the Platform Tools which includes ADB !!!!
Now quit Android SDK after it has downloaded and go back into Finder. Now you should see a new folder "platform-tools" in the "android-sdk-mac_86" folder. Open that and you can now see a file called adb.
Now .... I am going to show you how to make your life a lot easier in Terminal to run ADB without having to navigate to the folder every time you want to launch it.
Go back to your Terminal window and type (or copy & paste):
Code:
cd ~
The screen should then look like
NAME_OF_YOUR_MACHINE:~ USERNAME$
For me I have:
Mac-Pro:~ siedkins$
Next, type
Code:
touch .bash_profile
to create your new bash / path file
Next, type
Code:
open -e .bash_profile
to open it in TextEdit.
Now into Text Edit please copy:
Code:
export PATH=${PATH}:
Then go into Finder and navigate your your "android-sdk-mac_86" folder. Then click on the "platform-tools" folder and drag and drop this into TextEdit at the end of the code above that you copied. Mine looks like:
export PATH=${PATH}:/Users/siedkins/android-sdk-mac_86/platform-tools/
Yours should look like:
export PATH=${PATH}:insert your path to the "platform-tools" folder in your Android SDK here
All you need is that one line. Then Save and exit TextEdit and then very importantly QUIT TERMINAL.
Now ........ to turn on USB Debugging in your handset Settings > Applications > Development > USB Debugging - ticked and also go to Settings > Connect to PC > Default connection type > Charge Only and also UNTICK "Ask me ..." there also. You can always go back here and change these settings back.
Now plug in your phone to a USB port. I noticed that if I plugged my phone into one of the standard USB ports on the front of my machine I couldn't see the phone further down the line and if I plugged it into a powered USB port on the front (I have an "akasa AK-ICR-08" which has a powered connector behind the 5 USB ports. But you guys will probably be using a MacBook or MacPro and there shouldn't be any issues with the power to your USB ports.
Now to launch ADB - re-open terminal (remember that you had quit it - very important!) then type in:
Code:
adb devices
And you should see:
List of devices attached
HXXXXXXXXXX device
where XXXXXXXX is your unique phone ID.
Now you can run all of your favourite ADB commands straight by typing:
adb shell
etc straight into Terminal. I won't go into that here as there are plenty of guides about what to do with ADB once it's installed!
Now you have ADB setup on your Mac and can run it without the need for installing HTC Sync - un-installing it - loading some modified drivers over the top !!!!
It all just works !!!!!!
INSTALLING ADB ON LINUX
Coming soon ...
USING ADB
There's a comprehensive guide to using adb, including all its commands, at http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/adb.html
Here are a few example commands :
Code:
C:> adb push hello.txt /data/local/tmp
The above copies the file hello.text from the current directory of your PC (i.e. the directory shown in the command prompt) into the /data/local/tmp directory on your phone.
Code:
C:\> adb pull /sdcard/error.log error.log
The above copies the file /sdcard/error.log onto your PC.
Code:
C:\> adb install Superuser.apk
The above installs the app in the Superuser.apk file in the current directory of your PC, onto your phone.
Code:
C:\> adb shell
The above starts a command prompt session on your phone. So when you see the $ prompt, that's your phone and commands you type there will be executed on your phone.
Code:
C:\> adb shell ls
The above runs the command "ls" on your phone and displays the results. So it's a way of issuing one command at a time, without starting your own shell session. You can subsitute other shell commands for the "ls".
Code:
C:\> adb reboot
The above reboots the phone.
Code:
C:\> adb reboot bootloader
The above reboots the phone into the bootloader (hboot).
Code:
C:\> adb reboot recovery
The above reboots the phone into recovery.
USING ADB FOR DIAGNOSTICS (logcat)
Coming soon ...
Thank god! Lol thanks for all your hard work.
Sent from my HTC Vision using XDA App
Get a "how to logcat" section added.
Nice work. Can we elect you to be a mod?
Sent from my HTC Vision using XDA App
ddotpatel said:
Get a "how to logcat" section added.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks for the suggestion, will do
Nice dude. Just what I needed
Sent from my HTC Desire using XDA App
+1 mod vote!
Sent from my HTC Vision using XDA App
Nice guide mate. Let me know if you need any more posts or help in any way
steviewevie said:
Using adb
Using adb for logcat
adb logcat
Or
adb lolcat
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Also update it for Mac / Linux users.
Mainly different adb files (I had adb and fastboot for Win/Mac/Lin uploaded somewhere, if you want?) and they go in /system/bin instead of PATH.
Otherwise, good idea + well done.
DanWilson said:
Also update it for Mac / Linux users.
Mainly different adb files (I had adb and fastboot for Win/Mac/Lin uploaded somewhere, if you want?) and they go in /system/bin instead of PATH.
Otherwise, good idea + well done.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks. I need someone to help me come up with the different steps for Mac/Linux users please ? Then I can add those in.
steviewevie said:
Thanks. I need someone to help me come up with the different steps for Mac/Linux users please ? Then I can add those in.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'll do that.
I'll also hunt down my Mediafire adb and fastboot files, because not everyone wants the whole SDK
I don't know if you need any drivers for the phone (like HTC Sync for Windows). Someone else will need to tell you, or you can wait till Christmas.
INSTALLING ADB
Step 0
Drivers perhaps? XD
Step 1
Download these files;
Mac - http://www.mediafire.com/?z8myxs9941kz3gg
Linux - http://www.mediafire.com/?m62rt943mroxm4s
Or you can download and install the Android SDK (Software Development Kit) Starter package from http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
You can read all about how to install the SDK at http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing.html . Ignore all the stuff about Eclipse though, you don't need that unless you're going to start writing Android apps.
Now, from version 8 (Android 2.3) of the SDK onwards, adb has been taken out of this starter package. If you downloaded version 7 (Android 2.2), then you've already got adb and you can skip Step 3 and go straight to Step 4 below. Otherwise you need to proceed to Step 3 to add adb to the SDK.
Step 2
Extract the files and rename "adb-linux" ("adb-mac") to "adb" and "fastboot-linux" ("fastboot-mac") to "fastboot"
You could call it anything you like, like "cheese" and "bread", but that makes things difficult.
Step 3
Mac - Copy the files to the folder /bin
You will need to unhide the folder. Google it.
Linux - Copy the files to /system/bin *OR* /bin
I have not used Linux for ages so my folders are rotting away. I believe you will need root access to do this, I used Kongregate (I think) as an app to control my root copying needs.
Step 4
On your phone, go into Menu->Settings->Applications->Development and make sure you have the entry "USB Debugging" ticked. adb will not work without this.
Step 5
Plug your phone into your PC using the original HTC cable. This is important, do not use a third-party cable since it might not work with adb (even though it might seem fine with other communication with your phone). Or whatever.
Step 6
Open a Terminal window. On your PC/Mac. To emphasise, you are running this on your PC, not directly from your phone (e.g. terminal emulator) :
The part were it says "Dan-Wilsons-MacBook:~ danwilson$" will probably not be on your PC/Mac, unless you are called Dan Wilson, and have a MacBook.
Code:
Dan-Wilsons-MacBook:~ danwilson$ adb devices
This should display something like the following :
Code:
List of devices attached
XXX12345 device
... where the "XXX12345" bit is actually your phone's serial number. If the list is blank and the phone is plugged in ok, go back to Step 6 and make sure USB Debugging is enabled. If you can see your phone, YOU WIN A CHEESECAKE!
If you decided to be awkward and call "adb-linux" ("adb-mac") "cheese", replace the word "adb" in command lists (like the above) to "cheese". It looks cool but complicates things.
Example;
Code:
Dan-Wilsons-MacBook:~ danwilson$ cheese devices
-------------
I think this looks OK. Some bits are weird and I don't know about drivers, but still, better than nothing. It is rough, but I've not done it in ages. Sorry bout that.
Here is the adb and fastboot files for Windows. Check they work with the Z before throwing them in the first post. If you do.
http://www.mediafire.com/?zlbyfbaaf5lrj8i
I've updated this guide to flesh it out a bit more (still more to be done though).
Significantly, please note that in the latest version of the SDK (i.e the one for Android 2.3), they have taken adb *out* of the Starter version of the SDK. So now there's an additional step, which is downloading the "Platform Tools" component of the SDK. It's all in the guide though.
nice, this needs to be "stickied"..
steviewevie...
whatever you are on.. can i haz some?
you are poster of the year! wow, such effort.
this beeyotch must be stickied all over the world.
EDIT -- i dont see "adb pull /" so as to dump all your files from system data etc into your sdk folder. if i missed that nevermind!
@steviewevie:
My 2 cents for your great work:
I have tested and uploaded a Mini ADB package and the ADB USB drivers for Windows Vista / Windows 7, to the Resources Centre, easy tutorial + FAQs thread here:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=835777
I thought this would make things easier for newbies or people who don't want to download the whole SDK / Sync software
Also, setting the path is not required, since the "Runme" file is located inside the same folder within the ADB files
This could save some steps for newbies
If you find it helpful, feel free to link from your guide
Thanks for the input guys, I have some updating to do !
steviewevie said:
INSTALLING ADB - METHOD B, THE "QUICK" WAY, NO SDK
Step 2
Download the adb binary from ? * to be completed *
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Direct Download Links for Android SDK Platform-tools, revision 1
ht*p://dl-ssl.google.com/android/repository/platform-tools_r01-windows.zip
ht*p://dl.google.com/android/repository/platform-tools_r01-windows.zip
It contains ADB.exe and needed dlls
size 3.06 MB
Also i recommend ADBMagic from Chainfire if you got tired of using ADB commands by hand for a lot of operations
ht*p://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=746313
Have fun
if you add adb.exe to system32 folder is windows u can adb from anywhere in command prompt.. just in case adding the variables dont work

Easiest Way To Root Android 11 on Surface Duo

first off, huge shout out to @JengaMasterG for TWRP for these devices. Without him, this super simple method wouldn't be possible.
What You'll Need
- Android 11 most recent update
- TWRP: TWRP for Surface Duo (credits to @JengaMasterG )
- Unlocked Bootloader
- ADB/Fastboot: ADB/Fastboot Install (what i use)
- Magisk
video
YT Tutorial
Bootloader Unlock
1.) Enable Developer Options via tapping Build Number over and over in the About Device part of settings
2.) Enable USB Debugging and OEM Unlock
3.) Plug device into the computer, and type the following command in cmd.exe, hit enter
Code:
adb devices
4.) You may get a pop up on screen requesting permission, always allow it
5.) Type the following and hit enter
Code:
adb reboot bootloader
6.) Once in the bootloader, your device might not be recognized right away and will need the driver manually installed via Device manager (see video for that)
7.) Once device is recognized, type the following command
Code:
fastboot flashing unlock
8.) Allow the unlocking of the Bootloader on device screen. this will erase everything
9.) Allow the device to fully boot up, enable USB Debugging again and continue the tutorial!
Instructions
1.) Rename Magisk-vxx.x.apk to Magisk.zip
2.) Enable USB Debugging
3.) Type the following to make sure your computer sees the device (in cmd.exe)
Code:
adb devices
4.) You may get a pop up on your device's screen asking for adb permission, check the always allow and hit ok
5.) Type the follow command to reboot to bootloader (in cmd.exe)
Code:
adb reboot bootloader
6.) Once you're in the booloader and its unlocked, download the TWRP image from above
7.) Use the following fastboot command to boot into TWRP
Code:
fastboot boot twrp.img
8.) Once TWRP boots, keep your device plugged in via usb and type the following command into cmd.exe and hit enter
Code:
adb shell twrp sideload
9.) Once in sideload, you can type the following with magisk.zip and root your device!
Code:
adb sideload magisk.zip
10.) Use the following command to reboot and you're done!
Code:
adb reboot
congrats! you're rooted!
LETS GOOOO!! HEROOO!! Super easy and working on the latest December 2022 update! Felt way safer as well, not so much concern over twrp as we only booted into it, and then I just used the standard magisk and it worked excellent without worrying about all types of patches and versions aside from the latest twrp for android 12 from @JengaMasterG!
Thank you! I think the renaming the magisk file from apk to zip was probably what I was doing wrong trying to follow the other methods, on top of driver errors, that were solved by uninstalling all the drivers for the duo on my surface pro, which revealed a native 'Surface Fastboot' driver. Combine that with the 15 second ADB and it's .bat ready to go command line interface, idk... it wen't so smooth and worked perfectly.
Now I can try to see if I can improve my experience with some go to methods.. I really want to enable immersive mode and hopefully increase overall volume, if possible (many devices this can be done with engineeringmode, idk yet but hopefully it does have one and hopefully I can also calibrate the gyroscope)... obviously adblock without vpn is on the menu.... can utilize the full autoruns app to stop apps from starting up at boot like in windows... and then get into some other customizations.
cqqx2 said:
LETS GOOOO!! HEROOO!! Super easy and working on the latest December 2022 update! Felt way safer as well, not so much concern over twrp as we only booted into it, and then I just used the standard magisk and it worked excellent without worrying about all types of patches and versions aside from the latest twrp for android 12 from @JengaMasterG!
Thank you! I think the renaming the magisk file from apk to zip was probably what I was doing wrong trying to follow the other methods, on top of driver errors, that were solved by uninstalling all the drivers for the duo on my surface pro, which revealed a native 'Surface Fastboot' driver. Combine that with the 15 second ADB and it's .bat ready to go command line interface, idk... it wen't so smooth and worked perfectly.
Now I can try to see if I can improve my experience with some go to methods.. I really want to enable immersive mode and hopefully increase overall volume, if possible (many devices this can be done with engineeringmode, idk yet but hopefully it does have one and hopefully I can also calibrate the gyroscope)... obviously adblock without vpn is on the menu.... can utilize the full autoruns app to stop apps from starting up at boot like in windows... and then get into some other customizations.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hello! I'm rooted, but I can only read and can't write. I am Android version 122022.821.13 of Att.
So I can't delete the apk inside the system directory
linlin2az said:
Hello! I'm rooted, but I can only read and can't write. I am Android version 122022.821.13 of Att.
So I can't delete the apk inside the system directory
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Newer Android versions, especially stock ROM, generally doesn't let you write to the system partition. Only ROMs can do that, unless you can find a way to change the partition permissions. Root alone will not allow it, no matter what you do. I used to know of a TWRP script to fix that and make the system writable, but it doesn't work on andorid 11/12/13 anyway

Android 8.1 Car Dash Cam/DVR Navigation Layout Mod Guide (No Root)

Note: I'm not responsible for any damage to your device!
The device tested on:
Model: V10E_TGC
Android Version: 8.1.0
Ram: 2GB
Rom: MZL_V10E_TGC_M5_1000_Media_Sleep_2022062917
OS used Windows 11
Steps:
(On Device)
1: Go to settings, system, then about phone. Tap on build number 7 times to enable developer mode.
2: Press back then head into developer options - Toggle OEM unlocking, USB debugging, Remote ADB (if connected to home network), then enable Adb Root (2846).
(On PC side)
1: Download the Minimal ADB portable zip, then create an ADB folder and copy contents from the adb zip into the created folder, copy cmd.exe from system32 into that folder as well.
2: Open cmd.exe type "adb connect 192.xxx.xx.xxx:5555" will prompt the device - allow the connection, tap accept, and ok.
3: Type "adb remount", then "adb pull /system/qc.prop" (make a copy).
4: Open qc.prop with notepad or editor. in the qc.prop search for (persist.sys.navigationbar.right=)
and change to (persist.sys.navigationbar.right=true), close, and save.
5: Type "adb push qc.prop /system/qc.prob" , then type "adb shell chmod 644 /system/qc.prop" then type "adb reboot".
Sorry, the steps were missing, also there is a way to change the navbar to be on the bottom if you change (#decide the postion of navigationbar. 0:bottom 1:left 2:right
ro.navigationbar.position=1) to (#decide the postion of navigationbar. 0:bottom 1:left 2:right
ro.navigationbar.position=0) but you lose access to the gear icon and reverse cam icon.

How To Guide How to root Google Pixel Watch using Magisk

Google Pixel Watch Root Guide using Magisk​
{
"lightbox_close": "Close",
"lightbox_next": "Next",
"lightbox_previous": "Previous",
"lightbox_error": "The requested content cannot be loaded. Please try again later.",
"lightbox_start_slideshow": "Start slideshow",
"lightbox_stop_slideshow": "Stop slideshow",
"lightbox_full_screen": "Full screen",
"lightbox_thumbnails": "Thumbnails",
"lightbox_download": "Download",
"lightbox_share": "Share",
"lightbox_zoom": "Zoom",
"lightbox_new_window": "New window",
"lightbox_toggle_sidebar": "Toggle sidebar"
}
Readme​Note that this rooting process was performed with a special USB-C cradle provided by the Google Team. I would not recommend flashing the device without a stable connection to the pins under the wrist strap. I might attempt to make a 3D printed enclosure that uses pogo pins. Additionally, this process will wipe the device.
Rooting Process​
Enable developer options on the watch by going to Settings > System > About > Versions > Tap Build number until you unlock developer mode
While here, note down the Build Number. It will look like RWD9.XXXXXX.XXX.XX.
Go into Developer options and enable ADB debugging
Install the latest version of ADB and Fastboot tools on a computer
https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools
Connect watch to computer using USB and allow permanent ADB debugging access on the watch
Verify your access works by running
Code:
adb devices
Download the appropriate (LTE or Bluetooth/WIFI) firmware at the link below, making sure to download the version that matches the build number from Step 2.
Factory Images for Google Pixel Watch Devices | Google Play services | Google for Developers
developers.google.com
Verify the checksum of downloaded firmware using
Code:
sha256sum name-of-firmware.zip
Unzip the downloaded zip, then unzip the image-rXX zip inside the original zip. Then, transfer the boot.img file to the watch using
Code:
adb push boot.img /sdcard/Download
Install a file manager on the watch because it does not include one by default. We will need it to select the boot.img file the Magisk app. I used File Manager TV USB OTG Cloud from the Play Store. I recommend launching the app and granting Files and media permissions all the time like it asks you to do in the popup.
Install the latest version of the Magisk APK from the Github link below on the watch by running
Code:
adb install name-of-magisk.apk
Releases · topjohnwu/Magisk
The Magic Mask for Android. Contribute to topjohnwu/Magisk development by creating an account on GitHub.
github.com
Launch the Magisk app, click Install, choose Select and Patch a File, then browse to the downloaded boot.img file
Click Let's Go and the magisk-patched boot image will be created in the Download folder
Transfer the image back to your computer using
Code:
adb pull /sdcard/Download/name-of-patched-image
Run
Code:
adb reboot bootloader
to reboot the watch into Fastboot
Verify the device shows up by using
Code:
fastboot devices
Unlock the bootloader of the watch using
Code:
fastboot flashing unlock
Confirm the message on the watch to unlock and wipe the device
Flash and boot the newly created Magisk image using
Code:
adb flash boot name-of-patched-image.img
Select Start in Fastboot to start the watch
After waiting an extremely long time, the watch will hopefully start and will need to be setup again
Reinstall the Magisk app using
Code:
adb install name-of-magisk.apk
Launch the app and it might prompt that it needs to restart the watch
To prevent the broken Superuser request popup where the grant button is off the screen, I recommend changing the Automatic Response prompt setting in the Magisk app to Grant. To change the option, swipe up on the Prompt text
With the watch started and setup, start an adb shell by running
Code:
adb shell
Then, run su to escalate to root privilege. The shell should change symbols from $ to # and running
Code:
whoami
should result in root
Bypassing SafetyNet​
Download the YASNAC - SafetyNet Checker APK from GitHub:
Releases · RikkaW/YASNAC
Yet Another SafetyNet Attestation Checker. Contribute to RikkaW/YASNAC development by creating an account on GitHub.
github.com
Install it on the watch using
Code:
adb install name-of-yasnac.apk
(Optional) Open the app and run the SafetyNet Attestation to verify your device fails
Download the SafetyNet Fix Magisk module from GitHub:
Releases · kdrag0n/safetynet-fix
Google SafetyNet attestation workarounds for Magisk - kdrag0n/safetynet-fix
github.com
Transfer it to watch using
Code:
adb push safetynet-fix-v2.4.0.zip /sdcard/Download
Start an adb shell with the watch using
Code:
adb shell
Elevate to root privileges with
Code:
su
Install the module with
Code:
magisk --install-module /sdcard/Download/safetynet-fix-v2.4.0.zip
Once installed, restart your watch
Now, run YASNAC SafetyNet Attestation again, and you should pass!
Interfacing with the USB Pins​The USB pins are under the watch band closest to the secondary button. From left to right, the pins are voltage, data+, data-, and ground. Google's VRP program provides the watch cradles by invitation only (still waiting for mine ). As such, a DIY solution needs to be created to make this process more accessible.
Picture courtesy of @ShinyQuagsire​The most reliable solution I can think of currently is using PCBite SP10 probes to connect to the USB pins. Once I get my PCBite, I will post a setup picture.
Another solution I'm going to try is inserting pogo pins into a replacement silicone watch band to connect to the USB pins.
Similarly, the pins have a 1.27mm spacing which you can find headers for online. That in combination with some helping hands could give a somewhat janky connection.
Troubleshooting​
If booting the Magisk image results in a bootloop, you can unbrick the device by flashing the corresponding stock boot.img image using
Code:
adb flash boot boot.image
If Magisk doesn't see the file, try doing the following to your file browser app:
Settings > Apps & Notifications > App permissions > Files and media > AppName > Allow all the time
Tips​
You can get into FastBoot mode by tapping on the top left and bottom right of the screen at the same time as the device is booting when the white "G" logo appears.
Wireless debugging allows you to do almost all of this guide except booting the patched boot.img file in Magisk. To enable wireless debugging, go to Settings > Developer options > Check Debug over Wi-Fi. Then, in developer options still, go to Wireless debugging and turn it on. From here, you can connect to your watch remotely from your PC using
Code:
adb connect watchip
Thanks​Huge thanks to Asmita Jha (Twitter @aj_0x00) who was there during the first 2 days of the rooting attempts and helped troubleshoot throughout. Additionally, big thanks to Stack Smashing (Twitter @ghidraninja) for giving us the idea to patch the Magisk file on the watch itself, instead of patching the boot image on another device running Magisk. Additionally, thanks to the Google team who gave us access to device and the prototype cradles to interface with the watch reliably.
Future Plans​To make the process more accessible, a cheap interfacing solution needs to be created. Please reach out if have any questions, concerns, or information that would make the process easier. You can find me on Twitter @breaddisease
https://twitter.com/breaddisease
Thanks!
This is awesome!
Now we just need a way to source that craddle or design one.
Does Rooting it break the Google Pay functionality or SafetyNet (if it has one) ?
KineSight said:
Does Rooting it break the Google Pay functionality or SafetyNet (if it has one) ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm unsure about this so far! Both of my phones don't work with the Google Pixel Watch app (degoogled OP7P and old S8+) so I can't setup my Google account with the watch to use Google Wallet. Additionally, I can't install a SafetyNet checker without the USB cradle I'll get back to you if I figure something out!
How did you get the file manager to show the .img file? I installed the same file manager, pushed the file via adb, but the file manager can't see any .img files. I tried renaming it to 'boot.jpg', pushed that, the file manager sees it, but then Magisk fails with unknown/unsupported image type.
ClarkIV said:
How did you get the file manager to show the .img file? I installed the same file manager, pushed the file via adb, but the file manager can't see any .img files. I tried renaming it to 'boot.jpg', pushed that, the file manager sees it, but then Magisk fails with unknown/unsupported image type.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You might need to allow the app Files and media permissions all the time, like this:
Settings > Apps & Notifications > App permissions > Files and media > AnExplorer > Allow all the time
KineSight said:
Does Rooting it break the Google Pay functionality or SafetyNet (if it has one) ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I fail SafetyNet without the Universal SafetyNet Fix Magisk Module. However, I was able to install the SafetyNet Fix module with the following:
Code:
adb push safetynet-fix-v2.4.0.zip /sdcard/Download
adb shell
su
cd /sdcard/Download
magisk --install-module safetynet-fix-v2.4.0.zip
With this, I now pass SafetyNet! Still have to try Google Pay
breaddisease said:
Google Pixel Watch Root Guide using Magisk​
Readme​Note that this rooting process was performed with a special USB-C cradle provided by the Google Team. I would not recommend flashing the device without a stable connection to the pins under the wrist strap. I might attempt to make a 3D printed enclosure that uses pogo pins. Additionally, this process will wipe the device.
Rooting Process​
Enable developer options on the watch by going to Settings > System > About > Versions > Tap Build number until you unlock developer mode
Go into Developer options and enable ADB debugging
Install the latest version of ADB and Fastboot tools on a computer
Connect watch to computer using USB and allow permanent ADB debugging access on the watch
Verify your access works by running
Code:
adb devices
Download the latest version of the appropriate (LTE or Bluetooth/WIFI) Google Pixel Watch OTA firmware at the link below. Note that the latest version is at the bottom of the list (thanks Google)
https://developers.google.com/android/ota-watch
Verify the checksum of downloaded firmware using
Code:
sha256sum name-of-firmware.zip
Unzip the downloaded zip, then transfer the boot.img file to the watch using
Code:
adb push boot.img /sdcard/Download
Install a file manager on the watch because it does not include one by default. We will need it to select the boot.img file the Magisk app. I used File Manager TV USB OTG Cloud from the Play Store
Install the latest version of the Magisk APK from the Github link below on the watch by running
Code:
adb install name-of-magisk.apk
Releases · topjohnwu/Magisk
The Magic Mask for Android. Contribute to topjohnwu/Magisk development by creating an account on GitHub.
github.com
Launch the Magisk app, click Install, choose Select and Patch a File, then browse to the downloaded boot.img file
Click Let's Go and the magisk-patched boot image will be created in the Download folder
Transfer the image back to your computer using
Code:
adb pull /sdcard/Download/name-of-patched-image
Run
Code:
adb reboot bootloader
to reboot the watch into Fastboot
Verify the device shows up by using
Code:
fastboot devices
Unlock the bootloader of the watch using
Code:
fastboot flashing unlock
View attachment 5925307
Confirm the message on the watch to unlock and wipe the device
Flash and boot the newly created Magisk image using
Code:
adb flash boot name-of-patched-image.img
Select Start in Fastboot to start the watch
After waiting an extremely long time, the watch will hopefully start and will need to be setup again
Reinstall the Magisk app using
Code:
adb install name-of-magisk.apk
Launch the app and it might prompt that it needs to restart the watch
With the watch started and setup, start an adb shell by running
Code:
adb shell
Then, run su to escalate to root privilege. The shell should change symbols from $ to # and running
Code:
whoami
should result in root
View attachment 5925313​Bypassing SafetyNet​
Download the YASNAC - SafetyNet Checker APK from GitHub:
Releases · RikkaW/YASNAC
Yet Another SafetyNet Attestation Checker. Contribute to RikkaW/YASNAC development by creating an account on GitHub.
github.com
Install it on the watch using
Code:
adb install name-of-yasnac.apk
(Optional) Open the app and run the SafetyNet Attestation to verify your device fails
Download the SafetyNet Fix Magisk module from GitHub:
Releases · kdrag0n/safetynet-fix
Google SafetyNet attestation workarounds for Magisk - kdrag0n/safetynet-fix
github.com
Transfer it to watch using
Code:
adb push safetynet-fix-v2.4.0.zip /sdcard/Download
Start an adb shell with the watch using
Code:
adb shell
Elevate to root privileges with
Code:
su
Install the module with
Code:
magisk --install-module /sdcard/Download/safetynet-fix-v2.4.0.zip
Once installed, restart your watch
Now, run YASNAC SafetyNet Attestation again, and you should pass!
Troubleshooting/Tips​
If booting the Magisk image results in a bootloop, you can unbrick the device by flashing the corresponding stock boot.img image using
Code:
adb flash boot boot.image
Additionally, you can get into FastBoot mode by tapping on the top left and bottom right of the screen at the same time as the device is booting and the white "G" logo appears.
If Magisk doesn't see the file, try doing the following to your file browser app:
Settings > Apps & Notifications > App permissions > Files and media > AppName > Allow all the time
Wireless debugging allows you to do almost all of this guide except booting the patched boot.img file in Magisk. To enable wireless debugging, go to Settings > Developer options > Check Debug over Wi-Fi. Then, in developer options still, go to Wireless debugging and turn it on. From here, you can connect to your watch remotely from your PC using
Code:
adb connect watchip
Thanks​Huge thanks to Asmita Jha (Twitter @aj_0x00) who was there during the first 2 days of the rooting attempts and helped troubleshoot throughout. Additionally, big thanks to Stack Smashing (Twitter @ghidraninja) for giving us the idea to patch the Magisk file on the watch itself, instead of patching the boot image on another device running Magisk. Additionally, this wouldn't be possible without the help of the Google team who gave us access to device and the prototype cradles to interface with the watch reliably. Huge thanks to everyone running Hardwear.io this year where this method was discovered during the Hardpwn hardware hacking contest.
Future Plans​To make the process more accessable, a cheap interfacing solution needs to be created. My idea is to 3D print an enclosure and use pogo pins. Please reach out if have any questions, concerns, or information that would make the process easier. You can find me on Twitter @breaddisease
https://twitter.com/breaddisease
Thanks!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Cool
breaddisease said:
You might need to allow the app Files and media permissions all the time, like this:
Settings > Apps & Notifications > App permissions > Files and media > AnExplorer > Allow all the time
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks! That was it. Now the computer just refuses to recognize it as a fastboot device. It recognizes it with the watch fully on, so I know my wiring and pins are correct.
ClarkIV said:
Thanks! That was it. Now the computer just refuses to recognize it as a fastboot device. It recognizes it with the watch fully on, so I know my wiring and pins are correct.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Nice, good to hear! What's the output of
Code:
sudo fastboot devices
Or, if you're on Windows, an elevated terminal with
Code:
fastboot devices
Y'all realize that we already managed to root the watch a long time ago? https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/pixel-watch-successfully-bootloader-unlocked.4508253/
A lot of questions are also answered there.
Yes, it breaks safetynet. You can install this magisk module to get it back.
KineSight said:
Does Rooting it break the Google Pay functionality or SafetyNet (if it has one) ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Tiebe said:
Y'all realize that we already managed to root the watch a long time ago? https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/pixel-watch-successfully-bootloader-unlocked.4508253/
A lot of questions are also answered there.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I was not aware that it had been done already! Thanks for the info! I thought I was the first
breaddisease said:
I was not aware that it had been done already! Thanks for the info! I thought I was the first
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Sadly, no.
Another small thing: You shouldn't download the OTA zip, but the factory images. The OTA zip doesn't always have full boot image, and only a patch image (boot.img.p), which is used in the updating process for patching the current boot image to the newer version. The factory images always have a full boot image.
Other than that: great guide!
Tiebe said:
Sadly, no.
Another small thing: You shouldn't download the OTA zip, but the factory images. The OTA zip doesn't always have full boot image, and only a patch image (boot.img.p), which is used in the updating process for patching the current boot image to the newer version. The factory images always have a full boot image.
Other than that: great guide!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ok, thanks! I updated step 6 and 8 accordingly.
Would it be an issue if someone flashed an un-updated watch with the latest boot.img? Like should I recommend flashing the appropriate version's boot.img, or updating to the latest version before flashing the latest boot.img? Thanks!
breaddisease said:
Ok, thanks! I updated step 6 and 8 accordingly.
Would it be an issue if someone flashed an un-updated watch with the latest boot.img? Like should I recommend flashing the appropriate version's boot.img, or updating to the latest version before flashing the latest boot.img? Thanks!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Always flash the boot.img of the version that you're currently on. Happy to help!
@breaddisease
I've also noticed that the safetynet module patched by Displax seems to work better in most cases than the original one by kdrag0n. The one by Displax is just a fork of the one by kdrag0n, with some changes.
breaddisease said:
Nice, good to hear! What's the output of
Code:
sudo fastboot devices
Or, if you're on Windows, an elevated terminal with
Code:
fastboot devices
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm on Linux and 'sudo fastboot devices' didn't list any device. I can communicate via ADB over USB so I know the cable is working. In fastboot mode, the device doesn't show up under 'lsusb' either. I have tried USB 2 and 3 ports.
ClarkIV said:
I'm on Linux and 'sudo fastboot devices' didn't list any device. I can communicate via ADB over USB so I know the cable is working. In fastboot mode, the device doesn't show up under 'lsusb' either. I have tried USB 2 and 3 ports.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Are you providing it power through the left pin? Maybe its required for fastboot
breaddisease said:
Are you providing it power through the left pin? Maybe its required for fastboot
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes, I am powering it. Verified by the watch showing its charging when fully booted. Were you on Linux or Windows for this? If Linux what Distro?

Categories

Resources